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Disciplinary Literacy

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Disciplinary Literacy 2025-02-20T09:44:40-07:00

The New Mexico Public Education Department believes literacy is a fundamental civil right and applies to all students in New Mexico. While teaching children to read in the early grades (K-3) has been a major focus of the state, it is essential to continue this focus into the secondary grades, including middle and high school.

When considering the importance of literacy in the secondary grades, the focus expands into all subjects and classes. This expansion is commonly referred to as “disciplinary literacy,” which is a term the PED frequently uses to discuss topics within secondary literacy. PED’s definition of disciplinary literacy is listed below.

Disciplinary literacy is the ability to think, read, write, and communicate in ways that align with the unique practices of a discipline. It recognizes that different subjects – such as mathematics, history, and science – require distinct strategies for engagement. In culturally responsive classrooms, secondary educators bridge students’ cultural backgrounds with disciplinary learning by incorporating diverse cultural perspectives and languages and enriching students’ disciplinary knowledge by recognizing their lived experiences as valuable for interpreting academic texts and solving problems within the discipline (Fang, 2012; Goldman et al., 2016). Disciplinary literacy includes how secondary educators use disciplinary texts along with comprehension strategy instruction to enhance understanding of the content-specific text and support students in accessing more advanced coursework within the subject area (Shanahan & Shanahan, 2008).

The resources provided here are to assist secondary (6-12) educators, administrators, and parents in providing the best instruction for all New Mexico students.

  • The Common Core State Standards (CCSS) for English Language Arts (ELA) include literacy in history/social studies, science, and technical subjects. These standards are linked to the College and Career Readiness Anchor Standards for Reading. A note reads, “Reading is critical to building knowledge in history/social studies as well as in science and technical subjects. College and career-ready reading in these fields requires an appreciation of the norms and conventions of each discipline, such as the evidence used in history and science, an understanding of domain-specific words and phrases, attention to precise details, and the capacity to evaluate intricate arguments, synthesize complex information, and follow detailed descriptions of events and concepts in history/social studies, for example, students need to be able to analyze, evaluate, and differentiate primary and secondary sources.”

  • The New Mexico Statewide Literacy Framework (NMSLF) is intended to support districts, schools, and teachers as they implement a comprehensive literacy system from birth through high school that ensures all students are prepared for meaningful post-secondary opportunities, including further education, meaningful employment, and lifelong learning.
  • The NMPED K-12 Writing Structures Guide seeks to provide educators with tools to develop a culturally and linguistically responsive writing program for any grade level. Effective writing instruction is especially important for our secondary students because they must leave high school equipped with the skills to express their thoughts and ideas effectively in various forms of writing to be college—and/or career-ready.
  • The NMPED Secondary Literacy Guide for Families was made with New Mexico families in mind. This guide aims to help families support their middle and high school students’ reading and writing development at home. It also explains important literacy skills needed to be college and/or career-ready and provides simple literacy activities families can do with their students.

Page last updated February 20, 2025